This move is just the capture you want for cracking the pawn of someone who has just lost the opportunity to crack your pawn. a very important rule and a smart move for the game.Įn Passant term is a French term, meaning in passing. However, you cannot be called a chess player, unless you own modern luxury chess sets and know the secret En Passant rule, i.e. For this reason, every novice is inspired to be a legendary chess player someday. After all, nothing can be a better exercise for your brain than chess. So, in essence, the en passant rule allows you to advance your pawn to the fifth rank without fear that your opponent will simply bypass your pawn by moving two squares.Since always, luxury chess pieces chess has been considered a sophisticated matchmaker for those carrying some leisure hours. But, since the en passant rule does exist, attempting this would be a horrendous mistake because white would capture the pawn en passant and suddenly white would have a passed pawn on the a-file. However, if the a-pawn were allowed to advance two squares, and the en passant rule didn't exist, it would be a passed pawn because black could move it to a5 without being captured. It's not a passed pawn because it has to get past white's b-pawn before it can queen. That means white's pieces won't be tied down trying to stop the g-pawn. Black will have to rely on his other pieces (not pictured) to stop the pawn from queening, which means those pieces won't be available to do anything else.īlack's g-pawn, on the other hand, is not a passed pawn because white's f-pawn will eventually capture it if it tries to queen. White has a passed pawn on the e-file because there are no black pawns that can stop it from reaching the eighth rank and queening. All else being equal, if one side has a passed pawn and the other doesn't, that side will usually win.Ĭonsider this pawn structure: 8/p7/1p4p1/1PppPp2/8/2PP1P2/8/8 w - 0 1 A passed pawn is a pawn that can never be obstructed or captured by an opposing pawn. That is true, but it doesn't quite get to the heart of the matter: passed pawns are extremely powerful. The motivation for en passant was to prevent the newly added two-square first move for pawns from allowing a pawn to evade capture by an enemy pawn. One answer quoted this Wikipedia passage: The answers currently here don't fully explain the motivation for the rule. Asian chess variants, because of their separation from European chess prior to that period, do not feature any of these moves. Specifically, the rule allows a pawn on a player's fifth rank the opportunity to capture the opponent's pawn on an adjacent file that advances two squares on its first move as though it had advanced only one square (Davidson 1949:16).
In most places the en passant rule was adopted as soon as the rule allowing the pawn to move two squares on its first move, but it was not universally accepted until the Italian rules were changed in 1880 (Hooper & Whyld 1992:124–25).
Spanish master Ruy López de Segura gives the rule in his 1561 book Libro de la invencion liberal y arte del juego del axedrez (Golombek 1977:108). Allowing the en passant capture is one of the last major rule changes in European chess that occurred between 12, together with the introduction of the two-square first move for pawns, castling, and the unlimited range for queens and bishops (Davidson 1949:14,16,57).
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